protozoa

Question by dorkiescookies Reward: 25 Pond Points + 10 Knowledge Tokens Status: Pending a resolution
how does trichomonus vaginalis tranmitted?




Reply from MikeBrWade User Rating:  120 Knowledge Tokens
I am guessing you mean "Trichomonas Vaginalis".

Morphology
The T. vaginalis trophozoite is oval as well as flagellated. Five flagella arise near the cytosome; four of these immediately extend outside the cell together, while the fifth flagellum wraps backwards along the surface of the organism. The functionality of the fifth flagellum is not known. In addition, a conspicuous barb-like axostyle projects opposite the four-flagella bundle; the axostyle may be used for attachment to surfaces and may also cause the tissue damage noted in trichomoniasis infections.

While T. vaginalis does not have a cyst form, organisms can survive for up to 24 hours in urine, semen, or even water samples. Combined with an ability to persist on fomites with a moist surface for 1 to 2 hours, T. vaginalis is among the most durable protozoan trophozites.

Trichomonias is a sexually transmitted disease which can occur in females (males rarely exhibit symptoms of a T. vaginalis infection) if the normal acidity of the vagina is shifted from a healthy, semi-acidic pH (3.8 - 4.2) to a much more basic one (5 - 6) that is conducive to T. vaginalis growth. Some of the symptoms of T. vaginalis include: preterm delivery, low birth weight, and increased mortality as well as predisposing to HIV infection, AIDS, and cervical cancer. T. vaginalis has also been reported in the urinary tract, fallopian tubes, and pelvis and can cause pneumonia, bronchitis, and oral lesions. Other symptoms include inflammation with increasing number of organisms, greenish-yellow frothy vaginal secretions and itching.

These days, T. vaginalis is no longer detected by studying discharge or with a pap smear and culturing. With a pap smear, infected individuals would have a transparent "halo" around their superficial cell nucleus. T. vaginalis is diagnosed via a wet mount, in which "corkscrew" motility can be observed. Condoms are effective at preventing infection.
The presence of T. vaginalis is detected by PCR, using the primers L23861 Fw and Rev.

Metronidazole or tinidazole can treat an infection in progress, and should be prescribed to sexual partners as well.

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